It is used by survey companies, governments, marketing, and research organizations to predict future trends that will help plan the organizations strategy and production processes. It is considered more accurate than the kuder richardson 21. Kuderrichardson reliability coefficients kr20 and kr21 ibm. Results obtained by the kudarrichardson formula 20 adapted for use with rkw scoring are compared with three other reliability formulas. Following the collaborative testing, the students completed a questionnaire that addressed their perceptions of collaborative examination. Effect of collaborative testing on learning and retention of. Describes how to calculate the kuder and richardson formula 20 kr20 and kuder and richardson formula 21 kr21 measures of reliability in excel. The kuderrichardson formula 21 as a splithalf coefficient. Learners conceptual knowledge development and attitudinal. Kuderrichardson reliability coefficients kr20 in spss. Should i use kr20 or kr21 to calculate the reliability. The data editor the data editor is a spreadsheet in which you define your variables and enter data. Spss statistical package for the social sciences, also known as ibm spss statistics, is a software package used for the analysis of statistical data. Can some one please tell me when i can use the kurderrichardson 21 formula, kr20 coefficient alpha or spearman.
Dear all, i am checking how to do a kuderrichardson reliability coefficients kr20 in spss. The spss or any other statistical program should have the calculation of these reliability. I am trying to calculate the variance and standard deviation for samples using the following statist. Chisquare analysis and correlation coefficient using spss software. Faculty development programs improve the quality of. Find the t value such that the area in the right tail is with 21 degrees of freedom. Although the name of spss reflects its original use in the field of social sciences, its use has since expanded into other data markets. Results obtained by the kudar richardson formula 20 adapted for use with rkw scoring are compared with three other reliability formulas. I still use it heavily because guis are often much faster than syntax anyway. Kuder richardson formula 20, or kr20, is a measure reliability for a test with binary variables i.
Spss is the gateway to syntaxbased statistics, as guibased procedures are output as syntax commands. Analisis reliabilitas butir soal dengan metode kuderrichardson kr20 adapun formula rumus kr 20 adalah. Kuderrichardson reliability coefficients kr20 and kr21. Until someone makes a good r gui, spss has an important role to fill. Kuder richardson formula 20 21 correlation is determined from a single administration of a test through a study of score. Kudar richardson 20 is run the exact same way as cronbachs alpha in spss and interpreted the same way as well. Hi everybody, i need to calculate internal consistency reliability, using kuder richardson formula 20 i was wondering if someone can explain how to calculate it using spss 20. This video demonstrates how to perform a kuderrichardson 20 kr20 test of internal consistency in spss.
Case iv of the kuderrichardson series, their formula 21, is derived as a generalized splithalf spearmanbrown coefficient. Rumus kr 20 dan tutorial cara hitung dengan excel uji. Performing a reliability analysis on a measurement tool in which the items are dichotomous. Faculty development programs improve the quality of multiple. To investigate the effect of violating the assumption of equal item difficulty on kuder richardson kr formula 21 reliability coefficient, 670 eighthand ninth grade students were administered 26 short, homogeneous tests of mathematics concepts and skills. Kudar richardson 20 cannot be used for response sets that have three or more levels. The real statistics resource pack contains a variety of supplemental functions and data analysis tools not provided by excel.
The following will give a description of each of them. These complement the standard excel capabilities and make it easier for you to perform the statistical analyses described in the rest of this website. Using only addition, how do you add eight 8s and get the number. Differences between kuderrichardson formula 20 and formula. How to compute reliability using kr21 formula kuder. Real statistics resource pack for excel 2002, 2003 or 2007. The kudarrichardson 20 kr20 formula generates a raw reliability coefficient for survey items that use these response sets. May 01, 2015 to confirm the reliability of exam, we used kuder richardson formula 20 kr 20 and the reliability was found to be 0.
Computes the reliability coefficient of a set of dichotomous items, whereas cronbachs alpha is used for multipoint scales. I want to use the kr20 to learn about the internal consistency of items. Oct 25, 2015 this video demonstrates how to perform a kuder richardson 20 kr20 test of internal consistency in spss. The mean or average score of the exam is part of the formula. This formula cant be used when multiplechoice questions involve partial credit, and it requires a detailed item analysis. Kuderrichardson 20 kr20 scale reliability calculation.
I am having an issue with kr20 am using alpha on spss but i have read that is how. The kr20 is used for items that have varying difficulty. Essentially it lets you know whether the exam as a whole discriminated among students who mastered the subject matter and those who did not. To confirm the reliability of exam, we used kuderrichardson formula 20 kr 20 and the reliability was found to be 0.
Analisis reliabilitas butir soal dengan metode kuder. Identifies distractors not doing what they are supposed to do. Now, you should have reverse scored item 3 see above. A high value indicates a strong relationship between items and a lower value a weaker relationship. The kr21 could be calculated in spss by using the aggregate procedure to save kr21 formula components to an active file, where they could be input into a compute command to calculate kr21. Kuderrichardson 20 kr20 scale reliability calculation can spss calculate the kr20 reliability figure for assessing scales that are composed of dichotomous items. A note on the estimation of test reliability by the kuder. The kr 21 formula for reliability is a conservative estimate of internal reliability due to the fact that kr 21 results will yield lower data numbers than that of kr20 formula calculations values for kr 21 calculation coefficients range from 0. Pdf determination of reliability and validity measures of a. Spss is commonly used in healthcare, marketing and. The kr20 is used to evaluate internal consistency among dichotomous variables. Penjelasan uji reliabilitas instrumen lengkap uji statistik. Kudarrichardson 20 cannot be used for response sets that have three or more levels.
Instrument reliability educational research basics by. Kudarrichardson 20 is run the exact same way as cronbachs alpha in spss and interpreted the same way as well. Case iv of the kuder richardson series, their formula 21, is derived as a generalized splithalf spearmanbrown coefficient. Should i use kr20 or kr21 to calculate the reliability coefficient of a test. Randomly parallel tests and lyerlys basic assumption for the.
Cara install software ibm spss versi 21 pada laptop spss. Dec 19, 2012 performing a reliability analysis on a measurement tool in which the items are dichotomous. If you are using excel 2003 or a prior version of excel, click here for instructions on how to download and install the real statistics resource pack. Differences between kuderrichardson formula 20 and. Often discussed in tandem with kr20, is kuder richardson formula 21 kr 21. It assess the intern consistency reliability of a test of subtest made up of binary items, two psychometric methods, kuder richardson formula 20 9kr 20. Conducting a kuderrichardson 20 test kr20 in spss youtube. The kudar richardson 20 kr20 formula generates a raw reliability coefficient for survey items that use these response sets. What is the difference between kuderrichardson kr20 and.
In addition, kr20 computes the item difficulty proportion of right answers, the average value of item difficulty, the item variance, the itemtest pointbiserial correlation coefficients, and the average value of itemtest correlation coefficients. A statistic that provides an indication of the degree to which two sets of scores are related. However, the reliability of examinations can as well be estimated. Salah satu kelemahan perhitungan koefisien reliabilitas dengan menggunakan teknik belah dua adalah 1 banyaknya butir soal harus genap, dan 2 dapat dilakukan dengan cara yang berbeda sehingga menghasilkan nilai yang berbeda pula seperti terlihat pada contoh c. Using reliability, validity, and item analysis to evaluate a. Reliability refers to how consistent the results from the test are, or how well the test is actually measuring what you want it to measure. The current versions 2015 are named ibm spss statistics the software name originally stood for statistical package for the social sciences spss, reflecting the original market, then later changed to statistical product and service solutions. Items on the instrument must be dichotomously scored 0 for incorrect and 1 for correct. The most useful measure is generally the kuderrichardson formula 20 kr20. Kr20 kudarrichardson 20 professional statistician for hire. The comprehensive test was piloted in one university in perak involving 16 music students. The kr20, or kuderrichardson formula, measures overall test reliability. Item analysis technique to improve test items and instruction 2. Th kuderrichardson formulas are used with dichotomous answers.
Cara install software ibm spss versi 21 pada laptop windows 7 seperti yang kita ketahui bersama bahwa spss merupakan program yang dibuat untuk menganalisis data statistik. What is the difference between kuderrichardson kr20 and cronbachs alpha and how do you formulate both. Best for normreferenced tests comparing students within. Rumus kr 20 dan tutorial cara hitung dengan excel uji statistik. Kuderrichardson formula kr20 and the kuderrichardson formula 21 kr21.
Use spearmanbrowns formula to correct problems of shortness, enabling correlation as if each part were full length. How can reliability coefficient uding kr20 or kr21 be determined using spss. Based on parallel tests administered at the same sitting the kr 20 estimates are compared with alternateform correlations and with oddeven correlations adjusted by the spearmanbrown prophecy formula. Kuderrichardson formula 20 or kr20 for dichotomous items. Krl20 and kr 21 only work when data are entered as 0 and 1. Reliability coefficients lambda 1 through lambda 6. Organizations use spss statistics to understand data, analyze trends, forecast and plan to validate assumptions, and drive accurate conclusions. Rumus uji reliabilitas teknik non belah dua non splithalf technique. The kr20 formula is a measure of internal consistency for examinations with dichotomous choices. The difficulty index of 41 test items was computed using microsoft office excel. Excel spreadsheet to calculate instrument reliability. To investigate the effect of violating the assumption of equal item difficulty on kuderrichardson kr formula 21 reliability coefficient, 670 eighthand ninth grade students were administered 26 short, homogeneous tests of mathematics concepts and skills.
The scatter plot graph in figure 23 was generated with the spss statistical. How to use spss kuderrichardson20 kr20 reliability analysis. Sebagaimana program komputer lainnya, ibm spss versi 21 tersebut baru bisa dioperasikan jika sudah di install pada laptop. Online statistics helps you in estimating the test reliability using kuderrichardson formula 21 calculator. Stata module to calculate kuderrichardson coefficient. The most useful measure is generally the kuder richardson formula 20 kr20. Ranges from 01 the higher the better greater than 0. If we use the results from our orthogonal rotation look back at. Kuderrichardson formula 20 21 correlation is determined from a single administration of a test through a. Using reliability, validity, and item analysis to evaluate. Where the questions in a test all have approximately the same difficulty i. If you are using excel 2007, click here for instructions on how to download and install the real statistics resource pack. Stata module to calculate kuder richardson coefficient of reliability, statistical software components s351001, boston college department of economics, revised 14 sep 1999.
Analysis of use of a single best answer format in an. An example of such a set of commands is provided below, however, kr20 is generally considered to be a better reliability estimate than kr21. Real statistics resource pack real statistics using excel. Secondly, i appologize for linking a file but i could not get the fonts for the formula right. Kuderrichardson formula 20, or kr20, is a measure reliability for a test with binary variables i. Kuder richardson 21 this statistic approximates interitem consistency. Psychology definition of kuder richardson formulas. These indices improve the quality and accuracy of the objectively scored tests. How to use spss kuderrichardson20 kr20 reliability. Each row corresponds to a case while each column represents a variable. Estimates internal consistency reliability given the mean m, standard deviation sd and k the number of items from a specific measure of interest. Of the numerous kuderrichardson formulas, a second, known as formula 21, has attained some popularity. What the formla does is to estimate test reliability.
The kr21 reliability coefficient is calculated from the number of test items k, the mean x, and the variance 2. Kuderrichardson formula 20 21 correlation is determined from a single administration of a test through a study of score variances 16. The aim of this study was to assess the utility of long term faculty development programs fdps in order to improve the quality of multiple choice questions mcqs items writing. Can spss calculate the kuderrichardson 20 kr20 and kr21 coefficients of reliability for a scale.
The reliability estimates are incorrect if you have missing data. Kr21 is a simplified version of kr20, which can be used when the difficulty of all items on the test are known to be equal. I have created an excel spreadsheet to automatically calculate splithalf reliability with spearmanbrown adjustment, kr20, kr 21, and cronbachs alpha. Kr 21 is a simplified version of kr20, which can be used when the difficulty of all items on the test are known to be equal. Remember also that i said we should conduct reliability analysis on any subscales individually.
The basic assumption employed is shown to be sufficient to justify the various assumptions used in derivations by other authors. Spss statistics is a software package used for interactive, or batched, statistical analysis. Randomly parallel tests and lyerlys basic assumption for the kuder richardson formula 21 skip to contents skip to navigation skip to search skip to footer. Both kr formula 20 and kr formula 21 were used to estimate reliability on each test. Spss statistics, the worlds leading statistical software, is designed to solve business and research problems through ad hoc analysis, hypothesis testing, geospatial analysis and predictive analytics. Correlation between forms, guttman splithalf reliability, spearmanbrown reliability equal and unequal length, and coefficient alpha for each half. Kuderrichardson formula 20 kr 20 and kuderrichardson formula 21 kr 21 these are alternative formulas for calculating how consistent subject responses are among the questions on an instrument. Two statistical tests were used to estimate the reliability of the exam in this study. Item analysis with spss software linkedin slideshare. I use the kr20 instead of the cronbachs alpha because my items are noted on a binary scale. Hi everybody, i need to calculate internal consistency reliability, using kuderrichardson formula 20 i was wondering if someone can explain how to calculate it using spss 20. Kuder and richardson formula 20 real statistics using excel.
Effect of collaborative testing on learning and retention. What is spss statistical package for the social sciences. Spss windows there are six different windows that can be opened when using spss. Kuderrichardson formula 21 edit often discussed in tandem with kr20, is kuderrichardson formula 21 kr21. Sage reference reliability, kuderrichardson formulapage 1418. The kuderrichardson formula 20 is rewritten to be identical with the simplest formula, 21, except for the addition of a term involving the standard deviation. Rumus kuder richardson 20 apabila pada artikel sebelumnya kita sudah membahas cara perhitungan reliabilitas instrumen dengan excel yang meliputi uji cronbach alpha, split half dan spearman brown, maka dalam artikel ini kita akan membahas cara perhitungan rumus kr 20 dengan menggunakan excel. Reliability analysis on spss lets test the reliability of the saq using the data in saq. For instance, the spss program can calculate kr20 as a special case of cronbachs alpha. The kuderrichardson formula 20 kr20 and the cronbach alpha test.
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